Persian Lesson 23 – How to Use Nouns with Adjectives, use /ye/ or /-e-/

Salam! Khosh amadid!

To begin with, let me thank all of you who have sent me New Year messages. Your warm messages are deeply appreciated.

Thanks God we have no questions for this week! (Joke that is!!)

Now let’s begin.

Last week, we learned how to use a noun with an adjective. As you remember, unlike English, adjectives come after nouns in Persian and there can be two conjunctions between nouns and adjectives: /ye/, and /-e-/ sounds. Today we are going to practice more with this to make sure that everything is clearly understood.

Small = /ku:chæk/.

Big = /bozorg/.

Beautiful = /ghæshæng/.

Ugly = /zesht/.

Good = /khu:b/.

Bad = /bæd/.

Flower = /gol/.

A small house = /kha:neh ye ku:chæk/.

A small car = /ma:shin-e- ku:chæk/.

A small book = /keta:b-e- ku:chæk/.

A small bridge = /pol-e- ku:chæk/.

A small flower = /gol-e- ku:chæk/.

A big house = /kha:neh ye bozorg/.

A big car = /ma:shin-e- bozorg/.

A big book = /keta:b-e- bozorg/.

A big bridge = /pol-e- bozorg/.

A big flower = /gol-e- bozorg/.

A beautiful house = /kha:neh ye ghæshæng/.

A beautiful car = /ma:shin-e- ghæshæng/.

A beautiful flower = /gol-e- ghæshæng/.

A beautiful bridge = /pol-e- ghæshæng/.

An ugly house = /kha:neh ye zesht/.

An ugly car = /ma:shin-e- zesht/.

An ugly flower = /gol-e- zesht/.

An ugly bridge = /pol-e- zesht/.

A good house = /kha:neh ye khu:b/.

A good book = /keta:b-e- khu:b/.

A good car = /ma:shin-e- khu:b/.

A good flower = /gol-e- khu:b/.

A good bridge = /pol-e- khu:b/.

A bad house = /kha:neh ye bæd/.

A bad car = /ma:shin-e- bæd/.

A bad flower = /gol-e- bæd/.

A bad bridge = /pol-e- bæd/.

Note: in all the above phrases, ‘a’ does not mean ‘one’. Rather it’s an ‘indefinite article’. We could put /yek/ in front of all the above Persian phrases or /i:/ sound at the end of adjectives if ‘a’ referred to ‘one’. Please look at the following examples:

A house = /kha:neh/.

I sold a house = /mæn yek kha:neh ra: foru:khtæm/. Or /mæn kha:neh i: ra: foru:khtæm/.

Note: as you see, /i:/ comes after the noun.

I sold a beautiful house = /mæn yek kha:neh ye ghæshæng ra: foru:khtæm/. Or /mæn kha:neh ye ghæshængi: ra: foru:khtæm/.

Note: as you see, /i:/ comes after the adjective, not the noun.

Examples:

I bought a small house last year. /mæn kha:neh ye ku:chæki: ra: pa:r sa:l khæridæm.

Or /mæn yek kha:neh ye ku:chæk ra: pa:r sa:l khæridæm/.

To receive = /dærya:ft kærdæn/.

I received a beautiful flower yesterday. /mæn gol-e- ghæshængi: ra: diru:z dærya:ft kærdæm/. Or /mæn yek gol-e- ghæshæng ra: diru:z dærya:ft kærdæm/.

My friend built an ugly house two years ago. /du:stæm kha:neh ye zeshti: ra: do sa:l-e- pish sa:kht/.

Or /du:stæm yek kha:neh ye zesht ra: do sa:l-e- pish sa:kht/.

All right, that’s all we have to learn today. Please don’t forget your support.

Please go to Useful drills page to do your own share.

Let’s write page is waiting for you if you want to see the main stress of the new words.

See you next week.

Khoda Hafez!

Lesson 23

• Let’s Write 23
• Useful Drills 23
• Persian Samples 23