Lesson 13
Hello everyone, welcome back!
I hope all of you have been following the lessons patiently and step by step. As I have told you on and on, we are going to learn Persian from the very beginning. It will take us a while to find ourselves fluent. I think the quality is more important than the quantity. Don't get impatient if you don't find lots of words each week. Probably, many of you will give up if I put a lot of words and ask you to do a lot of work every week
Note: Almost every day, I receive a message asking for some translations. I would be more than happy if I could do this much work for each of you separately. But, I am only one and have a lot to do. Please be patient with me if I am not really able to write back to all of you directly. However, to meet your basic needs in translation, I have added one more page to this site from this week, and it's 'Your words'. You may send me your short sentences and I will translate them for you. But, please send me just one sentence and make it as short as possible.
All right. Now let's start.
Hopefully, you have already learned the previous words. Today, we are going to make some short sentences in simple past tense.
To begin with, we need to know the structure of a sentence in both English and Persian.
Look at this sentence: I closed the door. I = subject. Closed = verb. The door = object. Is that correct? So, here the structure of the sentence in English is like this:
subject + verb + object. All right?
In Persian, we have subjects at the beginning and verbs at the end of the sentences. All other items such as objects come between these two. That is to say, for the same English sentence we have this structure in Persian: subject + object + verb.
Now, let's organize the words in this rule. For 'I closed the door', we have this in Persian:
/mæn dær ra: bæstæm/. Listen! which means 'I closed the door'. Is that difficult?
Note: as you see, we have 
/ra:/ after 
/dær/, which is the object of our sentence. As a rule, whenever a word is followed by /ra:/ is an object. It's that simple: word + /ra:/ makes object.
Now let's try this with all subjective pronouns:
1- I closed the door. /mæn dær ra: bæstæm/. Listen!
2- You closed the door. 
/to dær ra: bæsti/. Listen!
3- He/she closed the door. 
/u: dær ra: bæst/. Listen!
4- It closed the door. 
/ a:n dær ra: bæst/. Listen!
5- We closed the door. 
/ma: dær ra: bæstim/. Listen!
6- You closed the door. 
/shoma: dær ra: bæstid/. Listen!
7- They closed the door. 
/a:nha: dær ra: bæstænd/. Listen!
and 
/i:sha:n dær ra: bæstænd/. Listen!
Is it really difficult? Wonderful!
Now replace /dær/ with 
/pænjereh/. You will say:
1- I closed the window. 
/mæn pænjereh ra: bæstæm/. Listen!
2- You closed the window. 
/ to pænjereh ra: bæsti/. Listen!
3- He/she closed the window. 
/u: pænjereh ra: bæst/.
4- It closed the window. 
/a:n pænjereh ra: bæst/.
5- We closed the window. 
/ma: pænjereh ra: bæstim/.
6- You closed the window. 
/shoma: pænjereh ra: bæstid/.
7- They closed the window. 
/a:nha: pænjereh ra: bæstænd/.
Now, let's change the verb.
You already now what 'to see' means in Persian. 
/didæn/.
Let's try this one.
1- I saw the door. 
/mæn dær ra: didæm/. Listen!
2- You saw the door. 
/to dær ra: didi/. Listen!
3- He/she saw the door. 
/u: dær ra: did/.
4- It saw the door. 
/a:n dær ra: did/.
5- We saw the door. 
/ma: dær ra: didim/.
6- You saw the door. 
/shoma: dær ra: didid/.
7- They saw the door. 
/a:nha: dær ra: didænd/.
All right. With this we come to the end of lesson 13. I hope you enjoyed it.
Please go to Useful drills page now to find some new words.
Feel tired? Hit me!